Moving to the Philippines can be a life-changing experience, but like any country, it comes with rules every expat should know.
Understanding local laws will help you avoid legal trouble, stay safe, and adapt more easily to Filipino society.
Here’s a straightforward Philippines expat guide to the key laws and legal customs every foreign resident or visitor should understand.
Respect for Local Customs and Authority
The Philippines values respect and courtesy, especially toward elders and officials.
Raising your voice, public confrontation, or disrespecting police officers can escalate quickly and even result in charges.
Always remain calm and polite when dealing with authorities — it goes a long way here.
Immigration and Visa Rules
Expats entering the Philippines typically start with a 30-day visa-free stay, depending on nationality.
Extensions are easy to obtain through the Bureau of Immigration (BI). You can extend your Philippines tourist visas for up to 36 months without leaving the country.
For long-term living, options include:
- Special Resident Retiree’s Visa (SRRV): Ideal for retirees, offering indefinite stay and tax benefits.
- 13(a) Visa: For those married to a Filipino citizen.
- Work Visa (9(g)): Required for employment with a registered local business.
Tip: Always carry photocopies of your passport and visa. Overstaying can lead to daily fines, blacklisting, or deportation.
Drug and Alcohol Laws
The Philippines has strict anti-drug laws, with severe penalties for possession, use, or trafficking of illegal substances.
Even small quantities can result in long prison terms.
Public intoxication and disorderly conduct can also result in arrest — drink responsibly and use ride-hailing apps like Grab instead of driving.
Driving and Transportation
To drive legally in the Philippines, you can use your foreign driver’s license for up to 90 days. After that, it must be converted to a local license through the Land Transportation Office (LTO).
Driving under the influence is heavily penalized, and seatbelts are mandatory.
Traffic rules can vary, but remember:
- Always wear a helmet on motorcycles.
- Avoid bribing traffic enforcers — it’s illegal.
- Keep your OR/CR (vehicle registration) and license with you at all times.
Business and Property Ownership
Foreigners can own condos but not land in the Philippines.
However, you can lease land for up to 50 years or set up a corporation where Filipinos hold at least 60% ownership.
For expats starting a business, it’s best to consult a local lawyer or the Department of Trade and Industry (DTI) for registration and compliance.
Taxes and Banking
If you earn income in the Philippines, you may be subject to local taxes.
Expats working for local companies must register with the Bureau of Internal Revenue (BIR).
For convenience, many expats open accounts with BDO, BPI, or UnionBank once they have a valid visa and proof of address.
Online Conduct and Cyber Laws
The Cybercrime Prevention Act covers online defamation, fraud, and hacking.
Avoid posting false information or personal attacks on social media — libel laws here extend to online activity and are taken seriously.
Respect privacy when sharing photos of others, especially minors or local communities.
Public Decency and Behavior
Acts of public indecency, nudity, or offensive gestures can result in fines or arrest.
The Philippines is a conservative country; modest clothing and appropriate behavior are expected in public places, especially religious sites.
Emergency and Legal Assistance
In case of emergencies:
- Police: 117 or 911
- Bureau of Immigration: (02) 8465-2400
- Embassy Assistance: Register with your home country’s embassy for alerts and legal guidance.
It’s wise to keep digital and printed copies of important documents, including your passport, visa, and emergency contacts.
Final Thoughts
Understanding and respecting local laws is key to enjoying a safe, stress-free life in the Philippines.
Most legal issues faced by foreigners come from misunderstandings or complacency.
Stay informed, follow the rules, and you’ll enjoy everything the country has to offer — from its friendly people to its tropical beauty.
Frequently Asked Questions
1. Can foreigners own land in the Philippines?
No. Foreigners cannot own land directly but can own condos or lease land long-term.
2. How long can I stay in the Philippines without a visa?
Most nationalities can stay up to 30 days visa-free and extend up to 36 months through the Bureau of Immigration.
3. What happens if I overstay my visa?
You’ll be fined daily and must pay penalties before departure. Repeated overstays can lead to blacklisting.
4. Is bribery common or accepted in the Philippines?
No. Offering or accepting bribes is illegal. Always follow proper legal procedures.
5. Are drugs and marijuana legal in any form?
No. All recreational drug use, including marijuana, remains illegal and punishable by imprisonment.
